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Existentialism
Jean Paul Sartre (1905 - 1980)
Chaque homme doit inventer son chemin.
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Nous
sommes un condamné à mort qui se prépare bravement au
dernier supplice, qui met tous ses soins à faire belle
figure sur l'échafaud et qui, entre temps, est enlevé
par une grippe espagnole. |
French
thinker born in 1905, engagement philosopher, existentialist,
writer and dramaturge, author of "Being and Nothingness",
"Huis Clos", "Les Mouches", "Les
Mains Sales","La Nausee" "Critique of
Dialectic Reason","Les Mots" for which he received
, in 1960 the nobel prize that he declined,director of the
forbidden "Cause du peuple" and "Liberation"
until 1974.
He
took part in the French Resistance and was taken prisoner
in second world war. He joined the Communist Party (PC) because
of the need to take active part in the fight for the proletarian.
With
Simone de beauvoir, he traveled to
Cuba, China, Russia, Africa, to promote the revolutions. He
then opposed, in his Czechoslovakia, the confrontation man-system
that resulted from an artificial creation of the "communist
situation". His existentialist philosophy, proposes no
god,no ethic,no moral,and was meant to be a cleaning of the
old secular values, where god is replaced by some ethical
statements;and completely denied the existence of some kind
of rules or clues to behave. The solution,was the subject
being conscious of his position towards the world, and the
good faith, whose former question was "what would happen
if all acted this way"
The decision of the subject in good faith, and freedom, was
the real act of man.
His literature,not meant to be a completion of his philosophical
work,but a parallel creation,nevertheless contained a lot
of his philosophical symbols and the characters were situated
inside the existential anguish that Sartre described as the
consequence of freedom.
Il
n'y a pour une conscience qu'une façon d'exister, c'est d'avoir
conscience qu'elle existe. (L'imagination)
Ce
qu'on fait n'est jamais compris mais seulement loué ou blâmé.
Nietzsche, Gay Science |
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